Originally posted by Tracer:
Do they ever come out with something that completely stumps you and you're like "what the f is this I need to go buy one of those massive textbooks'?
I can't speak for JG, but functional programming languages are something very, very different than what most people are used to. They're starting to gain popularity, largely because of how they can help fix shared state problems seen in multithreaded applications. Microsoft's F# is a functional language similar to ML and OCaml, but with the performance profile of C#, and first-class Visual Studio integration. It's not final yet, though.
Functional languages are somewhat discrete math heavy. They draw on a lot of theory. You don't need to take courses to use and understand them, but the learning curve is much higher than imperative languages, such as C/C++, Java, C#.
Bassoon, n. A brazen instrument into which a fool blows out his brains.