It's possible, yes. The US claims universal jurisdiction. IIRC there's something in the USC that references other countries' endangered species laws, but I don't remember the exact law.
Edit: 16 USC § 3372: "It is unlawful for any person to import, export, transport, sell, receive, acquire, or purchase in interstate or foreign commerce any plant taken, possessed, transported, or sold in violation of any law or regulation of any State, or any foreign law, that protects plants or that regulates ... the taking of plants without, or contrary to, required authorization."
So, yeah, if Gibson's method of importing this wood breaks Indian law, they are also breaking US law.