People can survive without meat though. Example: vegans. The fact that we DID eat meat does not morally justify future meat.
If this argument is important, please explain further how it interacts with the vegan/vegetarian debate. I've only read about species survival in literature on the morality of zoos.
As I'm not a vegan or vegetarian, I can't tell you. But I can tell you that many will criticize your assumption that the average farm cow has "grazing room" and they might point you to the meatrix (
http://www.themeatrix.com/).
Some might argue that farmland existence has already killed the cows, since they are almost certainly castrated, definitely separated from their herds, etc. So they might say it's too late for these cows anyway.
The main group of vegan-utilitarians, led mostly by Peter Singer's book
Practical Ethics would argue that if we stopped using meat products tomorrow, it would not perfectly solve all pain caused to animals, but it would do incredible amounts of good for these and future cows. The cows now will be "sacrificed" for the end of the practice.
Kantian peeps would probably argue that we would be doing immediate good for human morality because they think the only reason animal cruelty is bad is that it corrupts human beings. Essentially, hurting cows causes us to become desensitized to more immoral forms of violence. Ending factories would immediately do it.
Health advocates would rejoice at the fact that there would be less likelyhood of food born illnesses and not care so much about cattle.
How can a plant have "experiences" without mental capability? You can't cause pain in a non-sentient being. How do we know? Well, aside from the scientific evidence---lack of parallel neurological structures that we know to be pain causing---plants don't react.
Here's a question for you. How do we know that human beings feel pain? How do I know that if I were to take a knife and stab it through someone's leg that they would be harmed by it. Well, they could tell me it hurts. Let's say they can't speak. Let's say it's a young child who can't talk. We know a young child feels pain by their reaction.
Keep in mind that we can't experience someone ELSE's pain. We can't even experience another person's mind. We assume that other people think because solipism is an untenable position (go ahead and defend solipism---if you're right, literally no one cares. If you're wrong, then, well, you're wrong.)
Actually, no. Vegans are probably trying to fight against speciesism in that we consider the interests of human species as greater than other species a priori. Recognizing that other species move and act similarly to the way we do is a big step in this process.
The short answer to this is that utilitarian vegans believe in the principle of equal consideration of interests. Equal consideration is just that, consideration. It does not mean all interests are equal. It means they are considered equally regardless of species, gender, sex.
Now, if necessary, I can try to present the case that plants don't have interests and pigs, cows, chickens do. The difference, in short, is that the latter category actually have experiences while the others do not (see: sentience). There are really good arguments out there against animals having interests. There really aren't a lot of good arguments about plants having interests. It may be in the interest of a plant not to be eaten, but a plant does not have an interest in not being eaten. See the difference? More on this as necessary.
Well, a vegan is probably still bothered by the traditional methods. Traditional methods still castrate, separate from herds, etc. The slaughter itself is still painful and it still takes away potential good experiences of living a cow-life or whatever.
You also have the fact that it's simply not the vegans burden to take action to bring the farms down. Maybe it would be a positively good thing for them to do, but it would not be a negatively bad thing for them to not eat traditional meat.
Many of vegans have moral objections, but they also have health and other objections to eating meat. If they don't like meat, then why should they have to buy it just to solve the problem.
Abstaining still helps them do their part. Your argument that factory farms will be even worse assumes that they can get worse. Factory farms want to make as much money as they can NOW. If they can make more money, they will do it. It's not like they get to a point where they've made "enough" money. Many would argue that farms can't get any worse. It's not like they can squeeze more cows in the already cramped spaces. They can't take off another beak from a beakless chicken. Abstaining from meat might very well be the only meaningful boycott a person can do.
If your argument is: they are hypocrites unless they take all possible action to stop factory farms, then consider what this argument leads to. A person who takes a vocal stand against abortion is a member of the pro-life movement. You might argue that they are hypocrites if they don't do everything they can to stop abortion. This includes funding alternatives, but it also includes bombing clinics....
And in the meantime, why should they eat meat? I still don't believe that being a vegan and being quiet are mutually exclusive. Why do you think all vegans are obnoxious? Sine Nomen was pretty cool.
So get an abortion? You haven't proven that abstaining is positively harmful. You've just proven that abstaining by itself doesn't lead to all the positive benefits.
I'm well aware of the manifold justifications Vegans adopt. Are you aware that I really don't care? I see a nobility in your sentiment but I have yet to meet a Vegan who actually aspired to live up to their own ideal. Other than not eating meat.[/QUOTE]